|  | Index Entry |  | Section | 
|---|
| 
 | 
| ! |  |  | 
|---|
|  | !posix: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
| 
 | 
| / |  |  | 
|---|
|  | /condition: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | /etc/hostname: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | /etc/nsswitch.conf: |  | NSS Configuration File | 
| 
 | 
| 4 |  |  | 
|---|
|  | 4.n BSD Unix: |  | Berkeley Unix | 
| 
 | 
| : |  |  | 
|---|
|  | :identifier: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
| 
 | 
| _ |  |  | 
|---|
|  | _POSIX_OPTION_ORDERenvironment variable.: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | _POSIX_SAVED_IDS: |  | How Change Persona | 
| 
 | 
| A |  |  | 
|---|
|  | abort signal: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | aborting a program: |  | Aborting a Program | 
|  | absolute file name: |  | File Name Resolution | 
|  | absolute priority: |  | Absolute Priority | 
|  | absolute value functions: |  | Absolute Value | 
|  | AC-Safe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | AC-Unsafe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | accepting connections: |  | Accepting Connections | 
|  | access permission for a file: |  | Access Permission | 
|  | access, testing for: |  | Testing File Access | 
|  | accessing directories: |  | Accessing Directories | 
|  | address of socket: |  | Socket Addresses | 
|  | address space: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | address space: |  | Program Basics | 
|  | alarm signal: |  | Alarm Signals | 
|  | alarms, setting: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | alignment (in obstacks): |  | Obstacks Data Alignment | 
|  | alignment (with malloc): |  | Aligned Memory Blocks | 
|  | allocadisadvantages: |  | Disadvantages of Alloca | 
|  | allocafunction: |  | Variable Size Automatic | 
|  | allocating pseudo-terminals: |  | Allocation | 
|  | allocation (obstacks): |  | Allocation in an Obstack | 
|  | allocation debugging: |  | Allocation Debugging | 
|  | allocation hooks, for malloc: |  | Hooks for Malloc | 
|  | allocation of memory with malloc: |  | Basic Allocation | 
|  | allocation size of string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | allocation statistics: |  | Statistics of Malloc | 
|  | alphabetic character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | alphabetic character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | alphanumeric character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | alphanumeric character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | append-access files: |  | File Position | 
|  | argc (program argument count): |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | argp (program argument parser): |  | Argp | 
|  | argp parser functions: |  | Argp Parser Functions | 
|  | ARGP_HELP_FMT environment variable: |  | Argp User Customization | 
|  | argument parsing with argp: |  | Argp | 
|  | argument promotion: |  | Calling Variadics | 
|  | argument vectors, null-character separated: |  | Argz and Envz Vectors | 
|  | arguments (variadic functions): |  | Receiving Arguments | 
|  | arguments, how many: |  | How Many Arguments | 
|  | arguments, to program: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | argv (program argument vector): |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | argz vectors (string vectors): |  | Argz and Envz Vectors | 
|  | arithmetic expansion: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | array comparison functions: |  | String/Array Comparison | 
|  | array copy functions: |  | Copying and Concatenation | 
|  | array search function: |  | Array Search Function | 
|  | array sort function: |  | Array Sort Function | 
|  | AS-Safe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | AS-Unsafe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | ASCII character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | assertions: |  | Consistency Checking | 
|  | Async-Cancel-Safe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | Async-Cancel-Unsafe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | Async-Signal-Safe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | Async-Signal-Unsafe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | attributes of a file: |  | Attribute Meanings | 
|  | automatic freeing: |  | Variable Size Automatic | 
|  | automatic memory allocation: |  | Memory Allocation and C | 
|  | automatic storage class: |  | Memory Allocation and C | 
|  | automatic storage with variable size: |  | Variable Size Automatic | 
|  | auxiliary vector: |  | Auxiliary Vector | 
| 
 | 
| B |  |  | 
|---|
|  | background job: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | background job, launching: |  | Foreground and Background | 
|  | backtrace: |  | Backtraces | 
|  | backtrace_fd: |  | Backtraces | 
|  | backtrace_symbols: |  | Backtraces | 
|  | base (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | baud rate: |  | Line Speed | 
|  | Berkeley Unix: |  | Berkeley Unix | 
|  | Bessel functions: |  | Special Functions | 
|  | bias (of floating point number exponent): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | big-endian: |  | Byte Order | 
|  | binary I/O to a stream: |  | Block Input/Output | 
|  | binary search function (for arrays): |  | Array Search Function | 
|  | binary stream: |  | Binary Streams | 
|  | binding a socket address: |  | Socket Addresses | 
|  | blank character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | blank character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | block I/O to a stream: |  | Block Input/Output | 
|  | blocked signals: |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | blocked signals, checking for: |  | Checking for Pending Signals | 
|  | blocking signals: |  | Blocking Signals | 
|  | blocking signals, in a handler: |  | Blocking for Handler | 
|  | bootstrapping, and services: |  | Actions in the NSS configuration | 
|  | break condition, detecting: |  | Input Modes | 
|  | break condition, generating: |  | Line Control | 
|  | breaking a string into tokens: |  | Finding Tokens in a String | 
|  | broken pipe signal: |  | Operation Error Signals | 
|  | broken-down time: |  | Calendar Time | 
|  | broken-down time: |  | Broken-down Time | 
|  | BSD Unix: |  | Berkeley Unix | 
|  | buffering of streams: |  | Stream Buffering | 
|  | buffering, controlling: |  | Controlling Buffering | 
|  | bugs, reporting: |  | Reporting Bugs | 
|  | bus error: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | butterfly: |  | Misc FP Arithmetic | 
|  | byte order conversion, for socket: |  | Byte Order | 
|  | byte stream: |  | Socket Concepts | 
| 
 | 
| C |  |  | 
|---|
|  | C++ streams: |  | Streams and I18N | 
|  | calendar time: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | calendar time and broken-down time: |  | Broken-down Time | 
|  | calendar, Gregorian: |  | Calendar Time | 
|  | calling variadic functions: |  | Calling Variadics | 
|  | canonical input processing: |  | Canonical or Not | 
|  | capacity limits, POSIX: |  | General Limits | 
|  | carrier detect: |  | Control Modes | 
|  | case conversion of characters: |  | Case Conversion | 
|  | catching signals: |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | categories for locales: |  | Locale Categories | 
|  | change working directory: |  | Working Directory | 
|  | changing the locale: |  | Setting the Locale | 
|  | changing the size of a block ( malloc): |  | Changing Block Size | 
|  | changing the size of a block (obstacks): |  | Growing Objects | 
|  | channels: |  | Stream/Descriptor Precautions | 
|  | character case conversion: |  | Case Conversion | 
|  | character predicates: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | character testing: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | checking for pending signals: |  | Checking for Pending Signals | 
|  | child process: |  | Processor Time | 
|  | child process: |  | Processes | 
|  | child process: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | child process signal: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | chunks: |  | Obstack Chunks | 
|  | classes, floating-point: |  | Floating Point Classes | 
|  | classification of characters: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | cleaning up a stream: |  | Linked Channels | 
|  | clearing terminal input queue: |  | Line Control | 
|  | client: |  | Connections | 
|  | clock ticks: |  | Processor And CPU Time | 
|  | clock, high accuracy: |  | High Accuracy Clock | 
|  | close-on-exec (file descriptor flag): |  | Descriptor Flags | 
|  | closing a file descriptor: |  | Opening and Closing Files | 
|  | closing a socket: |  | Closing a Socket | 
|  | closing a stream: |  | Closing Streams | 
|  | collating strings: |  | Collation Functions | 
|  | combining locales: |  | Choosing Locale | 
|  | command argument syntax: |  | Argument Syntax | 
|  | command arguments, parsing: |  | Parsing Program Arguments | 
|  | command line arguments: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | command substitution: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | communication style (of a socket): |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | comparing strings and arrays: |  | String/Array Comparison | 
|  | Comparison Function: |  | Comparison Functions | 
|  | compiling: |  | Configuring and compiling | 
|  | complex exponentiation functions: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | complex logarithm functions: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | complex numbers: |  | Complex Numbers | 
|  | complex trigonometric functions: |  | Trig Functions | 
|  | concatenating strings: |  | Copying and Concatenation | 
|  | Conditionally Safe Features: |  | Conditionally Safe Features | 
|  | configuring: |  | Configuring and compiling | 
|  | conjugate complex numbers: |  | Operations on Complex | 
|  | connecting a socket: |  | Connecting | 
|  | connection: |  | Connections | 
|  | consistency checking: |  | Consistency Checking | 
|  | consistency checking, of heap: |  | Heap Consistency Checking | 
|  | const: |  | Conditionally Safe Features | 
|  | constants: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | constants: |  | Mathematical Constants | 
|  | continue signal: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | control character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | control character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | control operations on files: |  | Control Operations | 
|  | controlling process: |  | Controlling Terminal | 
|  | controlling terminal: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | controlling terminal, access to: |  | Access to the Terminal | 
|  | controlling terminal, determining: |  | Identifying the Terminal | 
|  | controlling terminal, setting: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | conversion specifications ( printf): |  | Formatted Output Basics | 
|  | conversion specifications ( scanf): |  | Formatted Input Basics | 
|  | converting byte order: |  | Byte Order | 
|  | converting case of characters: |  | Case Conversion | 
|  | converting file descriptor to stream: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | converting floats to integers: |  | Rounding Functions | 
|  | converting group ID to group name: |  | Lookup Group | 
|  | converting group name to group ID: |  | Lookup Group | 
|  | converting host address to name: |  | Host Names | 
|  | converting host name to address: |  | Host Names | 
|  | converting network name to network number: |  | Networks Database | 
|  | converting network number to network name: |  | Networks Database | 
|  | converting port number to service name: |  | Services Database | 
|  | converting service name to port number: |  | Services Database | 
|  | converting string to collation order: |  | Collation Functions | 
|  | converting strings to numbers: |  | Parsing of Numbers | 
|  | converting user ID to user name: |  | Lookup User | 
|  | converting user name to user ID: |  | Lookup User | 
|  | cookie, for custom stream: |  | Streams and Cookies | 
|  | copy-on-write page fault: |  | Locked Memory Details | 
|  | copying strings and arrays: |  | Copying and Concatenation | 
|  | corrupt: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | cpu priority: |  | Priority | 
|  | CPU time: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | CPU time: |  | Processor And CPU Time | 
|  | CPU time: |  | Processor Time | 
|  | create on open (file status flag): |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | creating a directory: |  | Creating Directories | 
|  | creating a FIFO special file: |  | FIFO Special Files | 
|  | creating a pipe: |  | Creating a Pipe | 
|  | creating a pipe to a subprocess: |  | Pipe to a Subprocess | 
|  | creating a process: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | creating a socket: |  | Creating a Socket | 
|  | creating a socket pair: |  | Socket Pairs | 
|  | creating special files: |  | Making Special Files | 
|  | cube root function: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | currency symbols: |  | Currency Symbol | 
|  | current limit: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | current working directory: |  | Working Directory | 
|  | custom streams: |  | Custom Streams | 
|  | customizing printf: |  | Customizing Printf | 
|  | cwd: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
| 
 | 
| D |  |  | 
|---|
|  | data loss on sockets: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | databases: |  | Name Service Switch | 
|  | datagram socket: |  | Datagrams | 
|  | datagrams, transmitting: |  | Sending Datagrams | 
|  | date: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | Daylight Saving Time: |  | Broken-down Time | 
|  | decimal digit character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | decimal-point separator: |  | General Numeric | 
|  | declaration (compared to definition): |  | Header Files | 
|  | declaring variadic functions: |  | Calling Variadics | 
|  | decompose complex numbers: |  | Operations on Complex | 
|  | default action (for a signal): |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | default action for a signal: |  | Basic Signal Handling | 
|  | default argument promotions: |  | Calling Variadics | 
|  | default value, and NSS: |  | Notes on NSS Configuration File | 
|  | defining new printfconversions: |  | Customizing Printf | 
|  | definition (compared to declaration): |  | Header Files | 
|  | delayed suspend character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | deleting a directory: |  | Deleting Files | 
|  | deleting a file: |  | Deleting Files | 
|  | delivery of signals: |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | descriptors and streams: |  | Stream/Descriptor Precautions | 
|  | digit character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | digit character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | directories, accessing: |  | Accessing Directories | 
|  | directories, creating: |  | Creating Directories | 
|  | directories, deleting: |  | Deleting Files | 
|  | directory: |  | Directories | 
|  | directory entry: |  | Directories | 
|  | directory hierarchy: |  | Working with Directory Trees | 
|  | directory stream: |  | Accessing Directories | 
|  | disadvantages of alloca: |  | Disadvantages of Alloca | 
|  | DISCARD character: |  | Other Special | 
|  | division by zero: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | dlopen: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | DNS: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | DNS server unavailable: |  | Actions in the NSS configuration | 
|  | domain (of socket): |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | domain error: |  | Math Error Reporting | 
|  | domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | Domain Name System: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | dot notation, for Internet addresses: |  | Abstract Host Addresses | 
|  | DSUSP character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | duplicating file descriptors: |  | Duplicating Descriptors | 
|  | dynamic memory allocation: |  | Memory Allocation and C | 
|  | dynamic memory allocation: |  | Memory Allocation and C | 
| 
 | 
| E |  |  | 
|---|
|  | EBCDIC: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | echo of terminal input: |  | Local Modes | 
|  | effective group ID: |  | Process Persona | 
|  | effective user ID: |  | Process Persona | 
|  | efficiency and malloc: |  | Efficiency and Malloc | 
|  | efficiency and obstacks: |  | Extra Fast Growing | 
|  | efficiency of chunks: |  | Obstack Chunks | 
|  | EINTR, and restarting interrupted primitives: |  | Interrupted Primitives | 
|  | elapsed time: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | elapsed time: |  | Elapsed Time | 
|  | encryption: |  | Trivial Encryption | 
|  | end of file, on a stream: |  | EOF and Errors | 
|  | end-of-file, on a file descriptor: |  | I/O Primitives | 
|  | env: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | environment: |  | Environment Variables | 
|  | environment access: |  | Environment Access | 
|  | environment representation: |  | Environment Access | 
|  | environment variable: |  | Environment Variables | 
|  | environment vectors, null-character separated: |  | Argz and Envz Vectors | 
|  | envz vectors (environment vectors): |  | Argz and Envz Vectors | 
|  | EOF character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | EOL character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | EOL2 character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | epoch: |  | Simple Calendar Time | 
|  | ERASE character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | errno: |  | System Calls | 
|  | error codes: |  | Error Reporting | 
|  | error messages, in argp: |  | Argp Helper Functions | 
|  | error reporting: |  | Error Reporting | 
|  | errors, mathematical: |  | Math Error Reporting | 
|  | establishing a handler: |  | Signal Actions | 
|  | ethers: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | EUC: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | EUC-JP: |  | glibc iconv Implementation | 
|  | exception: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | exception: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | exclusive lock: |  | File Locks | 
|  | execfunctions: |  | Executing a File | 
|  | execing a program: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | executable: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | executing a file: |  | Executing a File | 
|  | exit status: |  | Exit Status | 
|  | exit status value: |  | Program Termination | 
|  | exiting a program: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | expansion of shell words: |  | Word Expansion | 
|  | exponent (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | exponentiation functions: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | extending printf: |  | Customizing Printf | 
|  | extracting file descriptor from stream: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
| 
 | 
| F |  |  | 
|---|
|  | fcntlfunction: |  | Control Operations | 
|  | fd: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: |  | Documentation License | 
|  | feature test macros: |  | Feature Test Macros | 
|  | field splitting: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | FIFO special file: |  | Pipes and FIFOs | 
|  | file access permission: |  | Access Permission | 
|  | file access time: |  | File Times | 
|  | file attribute modification time: |  | File Times | 
|  | file attributes: |  | Attribute Meanings | 
|  | file creation mask: |  | Setting Permissions | 
|  | file descriptor flags: |  | Descriptor Flags | 
|  | file descriptor sets, for select: |  | Waiting for I/O | 
|  | file descriptors, standard: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | file locks: |  | File Locks | 
|  | file modification time: |  | File Times | 
|  | file name: |  | File Names | 
|  | file name component: |  | Directories | 
|  | file name errors: |  | File Name Errors | 
|  | file name resolution: |  | File Name Resolution | 
|  | file name translation flags: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | file names, multiple: |  | Hard Links | 
|  | file owner: |  | File Owner | 
|  | file permission bits: |  | Permission Bits | 
|  | file pointer: |  | Streams | 
|  | file position: |  | File Position | 
|  | file positioning on a file descriptor: |  | File Position Primitive | 
|  | file positioning on a stream: |  | File Positioning | 
|  | file status flags: |  | File Status Flags | 
|  | files, accessing: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | filtering i/o through subprocess: |  | Pipe to a Subprocess | 
|  | FIPS 140-2: |  | Cryptographic Functions | 
|  | FIPS 46-3: |  | DES Encryption | 
|  | flag character ( printf): |  | Output Conversion Syntax | 
|  | flag character ( scanf): |  | Input Conversion Syntax | 
|  | flags for sigaction: |  | Flags for Sigaction | 
|  | flags, file name translation: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | flags, open-time action: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | floating point: |  | Floating Point Numbers | 
|  | floating point, IEEE: |  | IEEE Floating Point | 
|  | floating type measurements: |  | Floating Type Macros | 
|  | floating-point classes: |  | Floating Point Classes | 
|  | floating-point exception: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | flow control, terminal: |  | Line Control | 
|  | flushing a stream: |  | Flushing Buffers | 
|  | flushing terminal output queue: |  | Line Control | 
|  | foreground job: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | foreground job, launching: |  | Foreground and Background | 
|  | forking a process: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | format string, for printf: |  | Formatted Output | 
|  | format string, for scanf: |  | Formatted Input | 
|  | formatted input from a stream: |  | Formatted Input | 
|  | formatted messages: |  | Formatted Messages | 
|  | formatted output to a stream: |  | Formatted Output | 
|  | FP arithmetic: |  | FP Bit Twiddling | 
|  | FQDN: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | frame, real memory: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | free documentation: |  | Free Manuals | 
|  | freeing (obstacks): |  | Freeing Obstack Objects | 
|  | freeing memory: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | freeing memory allocated with malloc: |  | Freeing after Malloc | 
|  | fully buffered stream: |  | Buffering Concepts | 
|  | function prototypes (variadic): |  | Variadic Prototypes | 
| 
 | 
| G |  |  | 
|---|
|  | gamma function: |  | Special Functions | 
|  | gcvt_r: |  | System V Number Conversion | 
|  | gencat: |  | The gencat program | 
|  | generation of signals: |  | Signal Generation | 
|  | generic i/o control operations: |  | IOCTLs | 
|  | globbing: |  | Globbing | 
|  | graphic character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | graphic character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | Gregorian calendar: |  | Calendar Time | 
|  | group: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | group database: |  | Group Database | 
|  | group ID: |  | User and Group IDs | 
|  | group name: |  | User and Group IDs | 
|  | group owner of a file: |  | File Owner | 
|  | grouping of digits: |  | General Numeric | 
|  | growing objects (in obstacks): |  | Growing Objects | 
| 
 | 
| H |  |  | 
|---|
|  | handling multiple signals: |  | Merged Signals | 
|  | hangup signal: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | hard limit: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | hard link: |  | Hard Links | 
|  | header files: |  | Header Files | 
|  | heap: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | heap consistency checking: |  | Heap Consistency Checking | 
|  | heap, dynamic allocation from: |  | Unconstrained Allocation | 
|  | heap, freeing memory from: |  | Freeing after Malloc | 
|  | hexadecimal digit character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | hexadecimal digit character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | hidden bit (of floating point number mantissa): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | hierarchy, directory: |  | Working with Directory Trees | 
|  | high-priority data: |  | Out-of-Band Data | 
|  | high-resolution time: |  | Calendar Time | 
|  | holes in files: |  | File Position Primitive | 
|  | home directory: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | HOMEenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | hook functions (of custom streams): |  | Hook Functions | 
|  | host address, Internet: |  | Abstract Host Addresses | 
|  | host name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | hostid: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | hostname: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | hosts: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | hosts database: |  | Host Names | 
|  | how many arguments: |  | How Many Arguments | 
|  | hyperbolic functions: |  | Hyperbolic Functions | 
|  | hyperbolic functions: |  | Hyperbolic Functions | 
| 
 | 
| I |  |  | 
|---|
|  | i18n: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | iconv: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | identifying terminals: |  | Is It a Terminal | 
|  | IEEE 754: |  | Floating Point Numbers | 
|  | IEEE floating point: |  | Floating Point Numbers | 
|  | IEEE floating point representation: |  | IEEE Floating Point | 
|  | IEEE Std 1003.1: |  | POSIX | 
|  | IEEE Std 1003.2: |  | POSIX | 
|  | ignore action for a signal: |  | Basic Signal Handling | 
|  | illegal instruction: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | impossible events: |  | Consistency Checking | 
|  | independent channels: |  | Independent Channels | 
|  | inexact exception: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | infinity: |  | Infinity and NaN | 
|  | init: |  | Conditionally Safe Features | 
|  | initial signal actions: |  | Initial Signal Actions | 
|  | inode number: |  | Attribute Meanings | 
|  | input available signal: |  | Asynchronous I/O Signals | 
|  | input conversions, for scanf: |  | Table of Input Conversions | 
|  | input from multiple files: |  | Waiting for I/O | 
|  | installation tools: |  | Tools for Compilation | 
|  | installing: |  | Running make install | 
|  | integer: |  | Integers | 
|  | integer division functions: |  | Integer Division | 
|  | integer type range: |  | Range of Type | 
|  | integer type width: |  | Width of Type | 
|  | interactive signals, from terminal: |  | Local Modes | 
|  | interactive stop signal: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | internal representation: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | internationalization: |  | Locales | 
|  | Internet host address: |  | Abstract Host Addresses | 
|  | Internet namespace, for sockets: |  | Internet Namespace | 
|  | interprocess communication, with FIFO: |  | FIFO Special Files | 
|  | interprocess communication, with pipes: |  | Creating a Pipe | 
|  | interprocess communication, with signals: |  | Kill Example | 
|  | interprocess communication, with sockets: |  | Sockets | 
|  | interrupt character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | interrupt signal: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | interrupt-driven input: |  | Interrupt Input | 
|  | interrupting primitives: |  | Interrupted Primitives | 
|  | interval: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | interval timer, setting: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | INTR character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | invalid exception: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | inverse complex hyperbolic functions: |  | Hyperbolic Functions | 
|  | inverse complex trigonometric functions: |  | Inverse Trig Functions | 
|  | inverse hyperbolic functions: |  | Hyperbolic Functions | 
|  | inverse trigonometric functions: |  | Inverse Trig Functions | 
|  | invocation of program: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | IOCTLs: |  | IOCTLs | 
|  | ipc: |  | Inter-Process Communication | 
|  | ISO 10646: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | ISO 2022: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | ISO 6937: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | ISO C: |  | ISO C | 
|  | ISO-2022-JP: |  | glibc iconv Implementation | 
|  | ISO/IEC 9945-1: |  | POSIX | 
|  | ISO/IEC 9945-2: |  | POSIX | 
| 
 | 
| J |  |  | 
|---|
|  | job: |  | Job Control | 
|  | job control: |  | Job Control | 
|  | job control functions: |  | Functions for Job Control | 
|  | job control is optional: |  | Job Control is Optional | 
|  | job control signals: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | job control, enabling: |  | Initializing the Shell | 
|  | job control, enabling: |  | Initializing the Shell | 
| 
 | 
| K |  |  | 
|---|
|  | Kermit the frog: |  | Search/Sort Example | 
|  | kernel call: |  | System Calls | 
|  | kernel header files: |  | Linux | 
|  | KILL character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | kill signal: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | killing a process: |  | Signaling Another Process | 
|  | Korn Shell: |  | Wildcard Matching | 
| 
 | 
| L |  |  | 
|---|
|  | LANG environment variable: |  | The catgets Functions | 
|  | LANGenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | launching jobs: |  | Launching Jobs | 
|  | LC_ALL environment variable: |  | The catgets Functions | 
|  | LC_ALLenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | LC_COLLATEenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | LC_CTYPEenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | LC_MESSAGES environment variable: |  | The catgets Functions | 
|  | LC_MESSAGESenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | LC_MONETARYenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | LC_NUMERICenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | LC_TIMEenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | leap second: |  | Broken-down Time | 
|  | length of string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | level, for socket options: |  | Socket Options | 
|  | library: |  | Introduction | 
|  | limit: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | limits on resource usage: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | limits, file name length: |  | Limits for Files | 
|  | limits, floating types: |  | Floating Type Macros | 
|  | limits, integer types: |  | Range of Type | 
|  | limits, link count of files: |  | Limits for Files | 
|  | limits, number of open files: |  | General Limits | 
|  | limits, number of processes: |  | General Limits | 
|  | limits, number of supplementary group IDs: |  | General Limits | 
|  | limits, pipe buffer size: |  | Limits for Files | 
|  | limits, POSIX: |  | General Limits | 
|  | limits, program argument size: |  | General Limits | 
|  | limits, terminal input queue: |  | Limits for Files | 
|  | limits, time zone name length: |  | General Limits | 
|  | line buffered stream: |  | Buffering Concepts | 
|  | line speed: |  | Line Speed | 
|  | lines (in a text file): |  | Binary Streams | 
|  | link: |  | Directories | 
|  | link, hard: |  | Hard Links | 
|  | link, soft: |  | Symbolic Links | 
|  | link, symbolic: |  | Symbolic Links | 
|  | linked channels: |  | Linked Channels | 
|  | listening (sockets): |  | Listening | 
|  | literals: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | little-endian: |  | Byte Order | 
|  | LNEXT character: |  | Other Special | 
|  | load average: |  | Processor Resources | 
|  | local namespace, for sockets: |  | Local Namespace | 
|  | local network address number: |  | Abstract Host Addresses | 
|  | local time: |  | Calendar Time | 
|  | locale: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | locale categories: |  | Locale Categories | 
|  | locale, changing: |  | Setting the Locale | 
|  | locales: |  | Locales | 
|  | lock: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | locking pages: |  | Locking Pages | 
|  | logarithm functions: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | login name: |  | User and Group IDs | 
|  | login name, determining: |  | Who Logged In | 
|  | LOGNAMEenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | long jumps: |  | Non-Local Exits | 
|  | long-named options: |  | Argument Syntax | 
|  | longjmp: |  | Advantages of Alloca | 
|  | loss of data on sockets: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | lost resource signal: |  | Operation Error Signals | 
|  | lower-case character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | lower-case character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
| 
 | 
| M |  |  | 
|---|
|  | macros: |  | Obstack Functions | 
|  | mainfunction: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | malloc debugger: |  | Allocation Debugging | 
|  | mallocfunction: |  | Unconstrained Allocation | 
|  | mantissa (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | matching failure, in scanf: |  | Formatted Input Basics | 
|  | math errors: |  | Errors in Math Functions | 
|  | mathematical constants: |  | Mathematical Constants | 
|  | maximum: |  | Misc FP Arithmetic | 
|  | maximum field width ( scanf): |  | Input Conversion Syntax | 
|  | maximum limit: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | maximum possible integer: |  | Integers | 
|  | measurements of floating types: |  | Floating Type Macros | 
|  | mem: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | memory allocation: |  | Memory | 
|  | memory lock: |  | Locking Pages | 
|  | memory mapped file: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | memory mapped I/O: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | memory page: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | merging of signals: |  | Merged Signals | 
|  | MIN termios slot: |  | Noncanonical Input | 
|  | minimum: |  | Misc FP Arithmetic | 
|  | minimum field width ( printf): |  | Output Conversion Syntax | 
|  | minimum possible integer: |  | Integers | 
|  | mixing descriptors and streams: |  | Stream/Descriptor Precautions | 
|  | modem disconnect: |  | Control Modes | 
|  | modem status lines: |  | Control Modes | 
|  | monetary value formatting: |  | The Lame Way to Locale Data | 
|  | MT-Safe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | MT-Unsafe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | multi-threaded application: |  | Streams and Threads | 
|  | multibyte character: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | multibyte character string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | multibyte string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | multiple names for one file: |  | Hard Links | 
|  | multiplexing input: |  | Waiting for I/O | 
|  | multiply-add: |  | Misc FP Arithmetic | 
| 
 | 
| N |  |  | 
|---|
|  | name of running program: |  | Error Messages | 
|  | name of socket: |  | Socket Addresses | 
|  | Name Service Switch: |  | Name Service Switch | 
|  | name space: |  | Reserved Names | 
|  | names of signals: |  | Standard Signals | 
|  | namespace (of socket): |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | NaN: |  | Infinity and NaN | 
|  | NaN: |  | FP Bit Twiddling | 
|  | netgroup: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | Netgroup: |  | Netgroup Data | 
|  | network byte order: |  | Byte Order | 
|  | network number: |  | Abstract Host Addresses | 
|  | network protocol: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | networks: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | networks database: |  | Networks Database | 
|  | NIS: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | NIS domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | NIS domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | NIS domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | nisplus, and booting: |  | Actions in the NSS configuration | 
|  | nisplus, and completeness: |  | Actions in the NSS configuration | 
|  | NLSPATH environment variable: |  | The catgets Functions | 
|  | NLSPATHenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | non-blocking open: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | non-local exit, from signal handler: |  | Longjmp in Handler | 
|  | non-local exits: |  | Non-Local Exits | 
|  | noncanonical input processing: |  | Canonical or Not | 
|  | normalization functions (floating-point): |  | Normalization Functions | 
|  | normalized floating point number: |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | not a number: |  | Infinity and NaN | 
|  | NSS: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | NSS: |  | Name Service Switch | 
|  | nsswitch.conf: |  | NSS Configuration File | 
|  | null character: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | null pointer constant: |  | Null Pointer Constant | 
|  | null wide character: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | number of arguments passed: |  | How Many Arguments | 
|  | number syntax, parsing: |  | Parsing of Numbers | 
|  | numeric value formatting: |  | The Lame Way to Locale Data | 
| 
 | 
| O |  |  | 
|---|
|  | obstack status: |  | Status of an Obstack | 
|  | obstacks: |  | Obstacks | 
|  | open-time action flags: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | opening a file: |  | I/O Concepts | 
|  | opening a file descriptor: |  | Opening and Closing Files | 
|  | opening a pipe: |  | Creating a Pipe | 
|  | opening a pseudo-terminal pair: |  | Pseudo-Terminal Pairs | 
|  | opening a socket: |  | Creating a Socket | 
|  | opening a socket pair: |  | Socket Pairs | 
|  | opening a stream: |  | Opening Streams | 
|  | Optimization: |  | FP Function Optimizations | 
|  | optimizing NSS: |  | Notes on NSS Configuration File | 
|  | option parsing with argp: |  | Argp | 
|  | optional arguments: |  | Variadic Functions | 
|  | optional POSIX features: |  | System Options | 
|  | orientation, stream: |  | Opening Streams | 
|  | orientation, stream: |  | Streams and I18N | 
|  | orphaned process group: |  | Orphaned Process Groups | 
|  | Other Safety Remarks: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | out-of-band data: |  | Out-of-Band Data | 
|  | output conversions, for printf: |  | Table of Output Conversions | 
|  | output possible signal: |  | Asynchronous I/O Signals | 
|  | overflow exception: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | owner of a file: |  | File Owner | 
| 
 | 
| P |  |  | 
|---|
|  | packet: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | page boundary: |  | Aligned Memory Blocks | 
|  | page fault: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | page fault, copy-on-write: |  | Locked Memory Details | 
|  | page frame: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | page, memory: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | page, virtual memory: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | paging: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | paging: |  | Locking Pages | 
|  | parameter promotion: |  | String/Array Conventions | 
|  | parent directory: |  | File Name Resolution | 
|  | parent process: |  | Processes | 
|  | parent process: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | parity checking: |  | Input Modes | 
|  | parsing a template string: |  | Parsing a Template String | 
|  | parsing numbers (in formatted input): |  | Parsing of Numbers | 
|  | parsing program arguments: |  | Parsing Program Arguments | 
|  | parsing tokens from a string: |  | Finding Tokens in a String | 
|  | passwd: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | password database: |  | User Database | 
|  | PATHenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | pausefunction: |  | Waiting for a Signal | 
|  | peeking at input: |  | Unreading | 
|  | pending signals: |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | pending signals, checking for: |  | Checking for Pending Signals | 
|  | period of time: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | permission to access a file: |  | Access Permission | 
|  | persona: |  | Process Persona | 
|  | physical address: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | physical memory: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | pi (trigonometric constant): |  | Trig Functions | 
|  | pipe: |  | Pipes and FIFOs | 
|  | pipe signal: |  | Operation Error Signals | 
|  | pipe to a subprocess: |  | Pipe to a Subprocess | 
|  | plugin: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | port number: |  | Ports | 
|  | positioning a file descriptor: |  | File Position Primitive | 
|  | positioning a stream: |  | File Positioning | 
|  | positive difference: |  | Misc FP Arithmetic | 
|  | POSIX: |  | POSIX | 
|  | POSIX capacity limits: |  | General Limits | 
|  | POSIX optional features: |  | System Options | 
|  | POSIX Safety Concepts: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | POSIX.1: |  | POSIX | 
|  | POSIX.2: |  | POSIX | 
|  | power functions: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | precision (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | precision ( printf): |  | Output Conversion Syntax | 
|  | predicates on arrays: |  | String/Array Comparison | 
|  | predicates on characters: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | predicates on strings: |  | String/Array Comparison | 
|  | preemptive scheduling: |  | Absolute Priority | 
|  | Preliminary: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | primitives, interrupting: |  | Interrupted Primitives | 
|  | printing character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | printing character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | priority of a process: |  | Priority | 
|  | priority, absolute: |  | Absolute Priority | 
|  | process: |  | Program Basics | 
|  | process: |  | Processes | 
|  | process completion: |  | Process Completion | 
|  | process group functions: |  | Functions for Job Control | 
|  | process group ID: |  | Launching Jobs | 
|  | process group leader: |  | Launching Jobs | 
|  | process groups: |  | Job Control | 
|  | process ID: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | process image: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | process lifetime: |  | Process Creation Concepts | 
|  | process priority: |  | Priority | 
|  | process signal mask: |  | Process Signal Mask | 
|  | process termination: |  | Program Termination | 
|  | processor time: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | processor time: |  | Processor Time | 
|  | profiling alarm signal: |  | Alarm Signals | 
|  | profiling timer: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | program: |  | Program Basics | 
|  | program argument syntax: |  | Argument Syntax | 
|  | program arguments: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | program arguments, parsing: |  | Parsing Program Arguments | 
|  | program error signals: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | program name: |  | Error Messages | 
|  | program startup: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | program termination: |  | Program Termination | 
|  | program termination signals: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | programming your own streams: |  | Custom Streams | 
|  | project complex numbers: |  | Operations on Complex | 
|  | protocol (of socket): |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | protocol family: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | protocols: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | protocols database: |  | Protocols Database | 
|  | prototypes for variadic functions: |  | Variadic Prototypes | 
|  | pseudo-random numbers: |  | Pseudo-Random Numbers | 
|  | pseudo-terminals: |  | Pseudo-Terminals | 
|  | pthreads: |  | POSIX Threads | 
|  | punctuation character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | punctuation character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | pushing input back: |  | Unreading | 
| 
 | 
| Q |  |  | 
|---|
|  | quick sort function (for arrays): |  | Array Sort Function | 
|  | QUIT character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | quit signal: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | quit signal: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | quote removal: |  | Expansion Stages | 
| 
 | 
| R |  |  | 
|---|
|  | race: |  | Conditionally Safe Features | 
|  | race conditions, relating to job control: |  | Launching Jobs | 
|  | race conditions, relating to signals: |  | Signals in Handler | 
|  | radix (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | raising signals: |  | Generating Signals | 
|  | random numbers: |  | Pseudo-Random Numbers | 
|  | random-access files: |  | File Position | 
|  | range error: |  | Math Error Reporting | 
|  | range of integer type: |  | Range of Type | 
|  | read lock: |  | File Locks | 
|  | reading from a directory: |  | Accessing Directories | 
|  | reading from a file descriptor: |  | I/O Primitives | 
|  | reading from a socket: |  | Transferring Data | 
|  | reading from a stream, by blocks: |  | Block Input/Output | 
|  | reading from a stream, by characters: |  | Character Input | 
|  | reading from a stream, formatted: |  | Formatted Input | 
|  | ready to run: |  | Absolute Priority | 
|  | real group ID: |  | Process Persona | 
|  | real user ID: |  | Process Persona | 
|  | real-time timer: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | realtime CPU scheduling: |  | Absolute Priority | 
|  | realtime processing: |  | Why Lock Pages | 
|  | realtime scheduling: |  | Realtime Scheduling | 
|  | receiving datagrams: |  | Receiving Datagrams | 
|  | record locking: |  | File Locks | 
|  | redirecting input and output: |  | Duplicating Descriptors | 
|  | reentrant functions: |  | Nonreentrancy | 
|  | reentrant NSS functions: |  | NSS Module Names | 
|  | relative file name: |  | File Name Resolution | 
|  | removal of quotes: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | removing a file: |  | Deleting Files | 
|  | removing macros that shadow functions: |  | Macro Definitions | 
|  | renaming a file: |  | Renaming Files | 
|  | reporting bugs: |  | Reporting Bugs | 
|  | reporting errors: |  | Error Reporting | 
|  | REPRINT character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | reserved names: |  | Reserved Names | 
|  | resource limits: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | restarting interrupted primitives: |  | Interrupted Primitives | 
|  | restrictions on signal handler functions: |  | Nonreentrancy | 
|  | root directory: |  | File Name Resolution | 
|  | Rot13: |  | Trivial Encryption | 
|  | rpc: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | runnable process: |  | Absolute Priority | 
|  | running a command: |  | Running a Command | 
| 
 | 
| S |  |  | 
|---|
|  | saved set-group-ID: |  | How Change Persona | 
|  | saved set-user-ID: |  | How Change Persona | 
|  | scanning the group list: |  | Scanning All Groups | 
|  | scanning the user list: |  | Scanning All Users | 
|  | scatter-gather: |  | Scatter-Gather | 
|  | scheduling, traditional: |  | Traditional Scheduling | 
|  | search function (for arrays): |  | Array Search Function | 
|  | search functions (for strings): |  | Search Functions | 
|  | seed (for random numbers): |  | Pseudo-Random Numbers | 
|  | seeking on a file descriptor: |  | File Position Primitive | 
|  | seeking on a stream: |  | File Positioning | 
|  | segmentation violation: |  | Program Error Signals | 
|  | sending a datagram: |  | Sending Datagrams | 
|  | sending signals: |  | Generating Signals | 
|  | sequential-access files: |  | File Position | 
|  | server: |  | Connections | 
|  | services: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | services database: |  | Services Database | 
|  | session: |  | Job Control | 
|  | session: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | session leader: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | setting an alarm: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | setuidprograms: |  | How Change Persona | 
|  | setuid programs and file access: |  | Testing File Access | 
|  | severity class: |  | Printing Formatted Messages | 
|  | severity class: |  | Adding Severity Classes | 
|  | sgettext: |  | GUI program problems | 
|  | sgettext: |  | GUI program problems | 
|  | shadow: |  | NSS Basics | 
|  | shadowing functions with macros: |  | Macro Definitions | 
|  | shared lock: |  | File Locks | 
|  | shared memory: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | shell: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | shift state: |  | Keeping the state | 
|  | Shift_JIS: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | shrinking objects: |  | Growing Objects | 
|  | shutting down a socket: |  | Closing a Socket | 
|  | sig: |  | Conditionally Safe Features | 
|  | sigactionflags: |  | Flags for Sigaction | 
|  | sigactionfunction: |  | Advanced Signal Handling | 
|  | SIGCHLD, handling of: |  | Stopped and Terminated Jobs | 
|  | sigintr: |  | Other Safety Remarks | 
|  | sign (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | signal: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | signal: |  | Signal Handling | 
|  | signal action: |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | signal actions: |  | Signal Actions | 
|  | signal flags: |  | Flags for Sigaction | 
|  | signalfunction: |  | Basic Signal Handling | 
|  | signal handler function: |  | Defining Handlers | 
|  | signal mask: |  | Process Signal Mask | 
|  | signal messages: |  | Signal Messages | 
|  | signal names: |  | Standard Signals | 
|  | signal number: |  | Standard Signals | 
|  | signal set: |  | Signal Sets | 
|  | signals, generating: |  | Generating Signals | 
|  | signedness: |  | Integers | 
|  | significand (of floating point number): |  | Floating Point Concepts | 
|  | SIGTTIN, from background job: |  | Access to the Terminal | 
|  | SIGTTOU, from background job: |  | Access to the Terminal | 
|  | simple time: |  | Calendar Time | 
|  | single-byte string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | size of string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | SJIS: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | socket: |  | Sockets | 
|  | socket address (name) binding: |  | Socket Addresses | 
|  | socket domain: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | socket namespace: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | socket option level: |  | Socket Options | 
|  | socket options: |  | Socket Options | 
|  | socket pair: |  | Socket Pairs | 
|  | socket protocol: |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | socket shutdown: |  | Closing a Socket | 
|  | socket, client actions: |  | Connecting | 
|  | socket, closing: |  | Closing a Socket | 
|  | socket, connecting: |  | Connecting | 
|  | socket, creating: |  | Creating a Socket | 
|  | socket, initiating a connection: |  | Connecting | 
|  | sockets, accepting connections: |  | Accepting Connections | 
|  | sockets, listening: |  | Listening | 
|  | sockets, server actions: |  | Listening | 
|  | soft limit: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | soft link: |  | Symbolic Links | 
|  | sort function (for arrays): |  | Array Sort Function | 
|  | sparse files: |  | File Position Primitive | 
|  | special files: |  | Making Special Files | 
|  | special functions: |  | Special Functions | 
|  | specified action (for a signal): |  | Delivery of Signal | 
|  | speed of execution: |  | Why Lock Pages | 
|  | square root function: |  | Exponents and Logarithms | 
|  | stable sorting: |  | Array Sort Function | 
|  | standard dot notation, for Internet addresses: |  | Abstract Host Addresses | 
|  | standard environment variables: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | standard error file descriptor: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | standard error stream: |  | Standard Streams | 
|  | standard file descriptors: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | standard input file descriptor: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | standard input stream: |  | Standard Streams | 
|  | standard output file descriptor: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | standard output stream: |  | Standard Streams | 
|  | standard streams: |  | Standard Streams | 
|  | standards: |  | Standards and Portability | 
|  | START character: |  | Start/Stop Characters | 
|  | startup of program: |  | Program Arguments | 
|  | stateful: |  | Keeping the state | 
|  | stateful: |  | Converting a Character | 
|  | stateful: |  | Converting Strings | 
|  | stateful: |  | Generic Conversion Interface | 
|  | stateful: |  | iconv Examples | 
|  | stateful: |  | glibc iconv Implementation | 
|  | static memory allocation: |  | Memory Allocation and C | 
|  | static storage class: |  | Memory Allocation and C | 
|  | STATUS character: |  | Other Special | 
|  | status codes: |  | Error Reporting | 
|  | status of a file: |  | Attribute Meanings | 
|  | status of obstack: |  | Status of an Obstack | 
|  | sticky bit: |  | Permission Bits | 
|  | STOP character: |  | Start/Stop Characters | 
|  | stop signal: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | stopped job: |  | Concepts of Job Control | 
|  | stopped jobs, continuing: |  | Continuing Stopped Jobs | 
|  | stopped jobs, detecting: |  | Stopped and Terminated Jobs | 
|  | storage allocation: |  | Memory | 
|  | stream (sockets): |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | stream orientation: |  | Opening Streams | 
|  | stream orientation: |  | Streams and I18N | 
|  | stream, for I/O to a string: |  | String Streams | 
|  | streams and descriptors: |  | Stream/Descriptor Precautions | 
|  | streams, and file descriptors: |  | Descriptors and Streams | 
|  | streams, C++: |  | Streams and I18N | 
|  | streams, standard: |  | Standard Streams | 
|  | string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | string allocation: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | string collation functions: |  | Collation Functions | 
|  | string comparison functions: |  | String/Array Comparison | 
|  | string concatenation functions: |  | Copying and Concatenation | 
|  | string copy functions: |  | Copying and Concatenation | 
|  | string length: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | string literal: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | string search functions: |  | Search Functions | 
|  | string stream: |  | String Streams | 
|  | string vectors, null-character separated: |  | Argz and Envz Vectors | 
|  | string, representation of: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | style of communication (of a socket): |  | Socket Concepts | 
|  | subshell: |  | Initializing the Shell | 
|  | substitution of variables and commands: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | successive signals: |  | Merged Signals | 
|  | summer time: |  | Broken-down Time | 
|  | SunOS: |  | Berkeley Unix | 
|  | supplementary group IDs: |  | Process Persona | 
|  | SUSP character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | suspend character: |  | Signal Characters | 
|  | SVID: |  | SVID | 
|  | swap space: |  | Memory Concepts | 
|  | symbolic link: |  | Symbolic Links | 
|  | symbolic link, opening: |  | Open-time Flags | 
|  | synchronizing: |  | Synchronizing I/O | 
|  | synchronizing: |  | Synchronizing AIO Operations | 
|  | syntax error messages, in argp: |  | Argp Helper Functions | 
|  | syntax, for program arguments: |  | Argument Syntax | 
|  | syntax, for reading numbers: |  | Parsing of Numbers | 
|  | sysconf: |  | Query Memory Parameters | 
|  | sysconf: |  | Query Memory Parameters | 
|  | sysconf: |  | Processor Resources | 
|  | sysconf: |  | Processor Resources | 
|  | system call: |  | System Calls | 
|  | system call number: |  | System Calls | 
|  | System V Unix: |  | SVID | 
| 
 | 
| T |  |  | 
|---|
|  | TCP (Internet protocol): |  | Protocols Database | 
|  | template, for printf: |  | Formatted Output | 
|  | template, for scanf: |  | Formatted Input | 
|  | term: |  | Conditionally Safe Features | 
|  | TERMenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
|  | terminal flow control: |  | Line Control | 
|  | terminal identification: |  | Is It a Terminal | 
|  | terminal input queue: |  | I/O Queues | 
|  | terminal input queue, clearing: |  | Line Control | 
|  | terminal input signal: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | terminal line control functions: |  | Line Control | 
|  | terminal line speed: |  | Line Speed | 
|  | terminal line speed: |  | Line Speed | 
|  | terminal mode data types: |  | Mode Data Types | 
|  | terminal mode functions: |  | Mode Functions | 
|  | terminal modes, BSD: |  | BSD Terminal Modes | 
|  | terminal output queue: |  | I/O Queues | 
|  | terminal output queue, flushing: |  | Line Control | 
|  | terminal output signal: |  | Job Control Signals | 
|  | terminated jobs, detecting: |  | Stopped and Terminated Jobs | 
|  | termination signal: |  | Termination Signals | 
|  | testing access permission: |  | Testing File Access | 
|  | testing exit status of child process: |  | Process Completion | 
|  | text stream: |  | Binary Streams | 
|  | thrashing: |  | Memory Subsystem | 
|  | thread of control: |  | Program Basics | 
|  | Thread-Safe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | Thread-Unsafe: |  | POSIX Safety Concepts | 
|  | threads: |  | Streams and Threads | 
|  | ticks, clock: |  | Processor And CPU Time | 
|  | tilde expansion: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | time: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | TIME termios slot: |  | Noncanonical Input | 
|  | time zone: |  | TZ Variable | 
|  | time zone database: |  | TZ Variable | 
|  | time, elapsed: |  | Time Basics | 
|  | time, high precision: |  | High Accuracy Clock | 
|  | timer: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | timer, profiling: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | timer, real-time: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | timer, virtual: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | timers, setting: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | timespec: |  | Elapsed Time | 
|  | timeval: |  | Elapsed Time | 
|  | timing error in signal handling: |  | Remembering a Signal | 
|  | TMPDIR environment variable: |  | Temporary Files | 
|  | tokenizing strings: |  | Finding Tokens in a String | 
|  | tools, for installing library: |  | Tools for Compilation | 
|  | transmitting datagrams: |  | Sending Datagrams | 
|  | tree, directory: |  | Working with Directory Trees | 
|  | triangulation: |  | glibc iconv Implementation | 
|  | trigonometric functions: |  | Trig Functions | 
|  | type measurements, floating: |  | Floating Type Macros | 
|  | type measurements, integer: |  | Width of Type | 
|  | type modifier character ( printf): |  | Output Conversion Syntax | 
|  | type modifier character ( scanf): |  | Input Conversion Syntax | 
|  | typeahead buffer: |  | I/O Queues | 
|  | TZenvironment variable: |  | Standard Environment | 
| 
 | 
| U |  |  | 
|---|
|  | UCS-2: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | UCS-4: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | ulps: |  | Errors in Math Functions | 
|  | umask: |  | Setting Permissions | 
|  | unbuffered stream: |  | Buffering Concepts | 
|  | unconstrained memory allocation: |  | Unconstrained Allocation | 
|  | undefining macros that shadow functions: |  | Macro Definitions | 
|  | underflow exception: |  | FP Exceptions | 
|  | Unicode: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | Unix, Berkeley: |  | Berkeley Unix | 
|  | Unix, System V: |  | SVID | 
|  | unlinking a file: |  | Deleting Files | 
|  | unordered comparison: |  | FP Comparison Functions | 
|  | unreading characters: |  | Unreading | 
|  | Unsafe Features: |  | Unsafe Features | 
|  | upper-case character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | upper-case character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | urgent data signal: |  | Asynchronous I/O Signals | 
|  | urgent socket condition: |  | Out-of-Band Data | 
|  | usage limits: |  | Limits on Resources | 
|  | usage messages, in argp: |  | Argp Helper Functions | 
|  | user accounting database: |  | User Accounting Database | 
|  | user database: |  | User Database | 
|  | user ID: |  | User and Group IDs | 
|  | user ID, determining: |  | Who Logged In | 
|  | user name: |  | User and Group IDs | 
|  | user signals: |  | Miscellaneous Signals | 
|  | usual file name errors: |  | File Name Errors | 
|  | UTF-16: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | UTF-7: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | UTF-8: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | UTF-8: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
| 
 | 
| V |  |  | 
|---|
|  | variable number of arguments: |  | Variadic Functions | 
|  | variable substitution: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | variable-sized arrays: |  | GNU C Variable-Size Arrays | 
|  | variadic function argument access: |  | Receiving Arguments | 
|  | variadic function prototypes: |  | Variadic Prototypes | 
|  | variadic functions: |  | Variadic Functions | 
|  | variadic functions, calling: |  | Calling Variadics | 
|  | va_copy: |  | Copying and Concatenation | 
|  | virtual time alarm signal: |  | Alarm Signals | 
|  | virtual timer: |  | Setting an Alarm | 
|  | volatiledeclarations: |  | Nonreentrancy | 
| 
 | 
| W |  |  | 
|---|
|  | waiting for a signal: |  | Waiting for a Signal | 
|  | waiting for completion of child process: |  | Process Completion | 
|  | waiting for input or output: |  | Waiting for I/O | 
|  | WERASE character: |  | Editing Characters | 
|  | whitespace character: |  | Classification of Characters | 
|  | whitespace character: |  | Classification of Wide Characters | 
|  | wide character: |  | Extended Char Intro | 
|  | wide character string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | wide character string: |  | Representation of Strings | 
|  | width of integer type: |  | Width of Type | 
|  | wildcard expansion: |  | Expansion Stages | 
|  | wint_t: |  | String/Array Conventions | 
|  | word expansion: |  | Word Expansion | 
|  | working directory: |  | Working Directory | 
|  | write lock: |  | File Locks | 
|  | writing to a file descriptor: |  | I/O Primitives | 
|  | writing to a socket: |  | Transferring Data | 
|  | writing to a stream, by blocks: |  | Block Input/Output | 
|  | writing to a stream, by characters: |  | Simple Output | 
|  | writing to a stream, formatted: |  | Formatted Output | 
| 
 | 
| Y |  |  | 
|---|
|  | YP: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | YP domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | YP domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
|  | YP domain name: |  | Host Identification | 
| 
 | 
| Z |  |  | 
|---|
|  | zero divide: |  | FP Exceptions | 
| 
 |